Racism and Culture - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 750 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/02/05 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Racism Essay Did you like this example? Eric A. Watts and Robert Wald Sussman are successful authors and known for their passages. They both write an article that explores how racism being used and the origin of racism. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Racism and Culture" essay for you Create order The Color of Success is an article written by Eric A. Watts, and The Myth of Race written by Robert Wald both articles explore the history and the modern day of racism. Eric A. Watts explores how the black community destroying themselves by calling success, study or wants to progress in schools and having jobs considering as acting white. In addition, Wald Sussman explores how science shows the fact that racism is not in human nature it’s a learning behavior. In the article Watts express how The black community victimizing themselves. He uses examples from his childhood education when many of his black peers would call him out for acting white. Anytime he in a group of black speaking proper English and want to study or want to succeed in school and speak properly, they would consider him as â€Å" acting white†. Wald explores the fact how people been thaught and how to interpret and understand racism. For the past 500 years â€Å" we have been told that there are very specific things that relate to race, such as intelligence, sexual behaviors, birth rates, infants care, work ethics and abilities, personal restraint, lifespan, law-cohesion, and even brain size.† In Wald Susman article he demonstrates everything Watts friend think of him been to them by society the moment there was born to this day. We learned that some races are better than others because we are born into a racist society and our life ordered by this struct ure. Watts experience racism from his own race and confused by it. Furthermore, One of Watts friends stated that Justified dropping out of school and failing to look for a job on that basis of one factor: the cold, heartless, white power structure. These statements about his friend are used to show his reader that many Blacks exaggerate the racism that discriminates against them and uses it as an excuse to act victimized. Black people creating racism among themselves because going to school, looking for a job, is considered as ‘Acting White’. Society makes them believe success in life is white people thing, not black. Robert Sussman explores how race emerged as a social construct from early biblical justifications to the pseudoscientific studies of today. Racial prejudice and intolerance based on the myth of race remain deeply ingrained in this world. His friend believes just because the white man looking them down so, therefore, it gave him an excuse to not try and find a job at all. With these kinds of mindset, black people would ne ver be able to elevate. If you can not be successful unless you believe that you can be. In the article, Watts also share a story of how his friend thought crack was the only options he got in life because they didnt believe in any other options. Based on Sussman article, Biological races do not exist and never have. â€Å" I am not going to dwell upon all of the scientific information that has been gathered by the anthropologists, biologists, geneticists, and other scientists concerning the fact that there are no such things as human biological races.† Sussman attempts to prove that ‘race’ is a biological reality and racism is a cultural invention. Also, Eric Watts confronted the idea of people of his race being preposterous. He shed a light on how people can be stereotypical and prejudice. When mentioning studying to someone he knew, Eric was derided as acting white. Watts finds his friends view of him as ‘acting white’ is offensive, and how people state of mind sounds ignorant and seemed so poor. His friends were acting stereotypically toward him because they felt that his valued- hard work, initiative, articulateness did not fit an African American student. His friends believe watts shoul d not look at as smart or an intellectual, but â€Å"acting white† because of that, he was labeled as somebody trying to be something he wasnt. Sussman argues the racial identification that emerged during the 1960s, and that still persists. This damage is terrible to some black adolescents that still believe being successful, want to succeed in school, having a job and speak properly as â€Å"acting white†. Black people act this way because they doubt their own their own abilities and because they normally visualize whites as people who are mildly interested in keeping blacks down.

Lev Vladimirovich Kuleshov and The Moscow Film School Essay

When film first started gaining popularity, it want’s as obvious that be connecting two different images, we would assume their relation. Film simply document events that occurred, it wasn’t until the enterprising pioneers of early cinema took hold that they began to manipulate their audience into following a story their way and feeling it in those exact steps. Lev Vladimirovich Kuleshov a Soviet filmmaker and film theorist in the 1920s who taught at and helped establish the world’s first film school, the Moscow Film School. He was one of the very first film theorists and one the great pioneers of early editing regarded amongst worldwide filmmaker and he is famous for what became known as Soviet Montage. From Kuleshov perspective, the†¦show more content†¦This is order to show how editing changes viewer’s interpretations of images and how film uses psychology. Kulsehov experimented with this and achieved the Kulsehov theory. This technique is known as juxtaposition, one the most effective tools on cinema just by juxtaposing a variety of concepts one can get a funny joke across, or complete lie across the audience. Kuleshov coined the term collective geography to describe cinema ability to link entirely unrelated material into coherent sequences. This discovery provided filmmakers with arms of varies techniques to manipulate the audience but in this they also recognized the audience has an active in creating meaning. Kuleshov was not just concerned with editing; he believed that the key to effective filmmaking was in organization. In addition to his theoretical work, Kulsehov was also a director of many feature films and he was a leader in Soviet montage theory, which was an approach to understanding and creating cinema that relies heavily upon editing. Some consider Kulsehov the father of Soviet Cinema, having been the first to publish about the formal possiblites of the medium and the power of montage editing. A montage is French for assembly or edit, it involves pieces of footage to make a film. During the Russian Revolution Kuleshov documented the war on the Eastern Front in documentary on the Red Front in the 1920s. Around that time, Kuleshov was deeply impressed and

Pablo picasso and marcel duchamp Free Essays

Pablo Picasso Marcel Decamp Pablo Picasso is one of the most influential artists of the 20th century. He was born in Spain but worked mainly in France, where he became the most well-known artist of his time. Picasso massive output of paintings, sculptures, drawings, prints and ceramics was inspired by many different sources. We will write a custom essay sample on Pablo picasso and marcel duchamp or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the early sass, Picasso developed a movement that signified him, it was known as â€Å"cubism†. This movement marked the beginning of modernism. Marcel Decamp has been known for his rebellious ideas and actions in the 20th century. He was born in France but moved to the USA, and became a US citizen in 1955. His works were known as â€Å"Ready-made†. Duchess’s ready-made changed what art meant. He bought elements that would never have been regarded as art. Some people saw it as less art and more â€Å"putting together†. This movement was called â€Å"Dadaism†. This essay will discuss two artworks; â€Å"The Weeping Woman† – by Pablo Picasso, and, â€Å"The Shovel† – by Marcel Decamp. â€Å"The Weeping Woman† is a famous work by Pablo Picasso and holds a lot of meaning. Picasso painted this work in 1937 after a town of Querying was bombed. The artwork holds a lot of symbolic meaning and was inspired by the events of that point in time – the Spanish Civil War. The artwork focuses on the main victims of the attack – the women. The artwork is full of emotions and grief which is expressed through the use of thick lines and different colors. The work is basically the face of a crying woman. The woman was said to be Dora Mar, whom Picasso described as â€Å"always weeping†. She was his close agent when he was most involved with politics. The focus of the structure is the rough area of hard blue and white forms around the out and teeth, clamped violently on a handkerchief; the flesh seems to have been peeled away by acidic tears to reveal hard white bone and the handkerchief she stuffs in her mouth is like a shard of glass. Her eyes are expressed as black holes. As the eye travels up the artwork, we can see that the eyes and forehead are also broken and disordered, and the woman appears literally ‘broken up’ with grief. The roughness of the forms is backed-up by the roughness of the colors. The face, neck and hand are painted in an acid, inconsistent yellow and violet and green. These colors may represent decay and decomposition. The yellow and violet however, are opposite colors, as are the blue and orange-red of the woman’s hat. Furthermore, the background is painted in strong yellows, contrasting with the blues of the hat and the blues and violets of the hair. The inconsistent color scheme intensifies the impact of the painting. The Weeping Woman is a study of how much pain can be communicated by a human face. The artwork translates the human emotions by paint. Picasso intention was for the viewers to feel the pain when viewing the painting. Marcel Duchess’s artwork, the shovel, is very different compared to Picasso work. At first sight, it could easily be misinterpreted into being an everyday object kept in almost all homes. A person would not know it as art and would be confused to see it in an art gallery or museum. â€Å"Shovel† was the first Redeemed to be made by Decamp in 1915, after his move to the United States. The Shovel may seem important and artistic to Marcel because no such object existed in France (from where he came). This shows that the shovel was nothing extraordinary to the citizens of the US, who would later be the viewers of the artwork, but something unfamiliar to he artist, therefore, an element of art in his sense. The original shovel was bought from a corner store from where Marcel lived. However, after his move, it was thrown away by his sister. Marcel replicated it and along its lower rim, he wrote the phrase: â€Å"In Advance of the Broken Arm/ (from) Marcel Decamp 1915†. It is stated that the â€Å"from† in the phrase conveys that the object came from the artist, but was not made by him. According to the artist, the phrase written on the shovel is the main color to the artwork. It’s a play on words. The phrase refers playfully to the function f a snow shovel which is to remove snow from the ground. Duchess’s title shows that without the shovel to remove the snow, one might slip and fall and even break an arm. Marcel Duchess’s artworks show that there is no difference between an artwork and an everyday object. The shovel could easily be mistaken for a simple shovel if it were not suspended from the ceiling in a museum. Therefore, the location and position of the artwork stands as a critical part of the piece. Pablo Picasso Weeping Woman can be looked at under the subjective frame as it is basically all bout human emotions and feelings. The main subject of the artwork is the broken face of the woman. By looking at the artwork, one can feel the pain and sorrow that the subject would have been going through. The work can also be placed under the structural frame as the face is made up of geometric shapes and the colors and their tones play a vital role in conveying the message. The cultural frame can also be a part of the work as it is stated that the Mater Dolorous, the weeping Virgin, is a traditional image in Spanish art, often represented in colorful, elaborate sculptures tit glass tears, Just like in the Weeping Woman. As for the Shovel by Marcel Decamp, it can be categorized under the cultural frame as many scholars have seen sexual suggestions in this Redeemed. Some note that the Shovel â€Å"is an obvious phallic symbol† Another once mentioned that the Sanskrit word for shovel is â€Å"langue,† which is almost equal to the term for phallus (â€Å"langue†). In Status-Asiatic languages the same word meaner both â€Å"phallus† and â€Å"shovel. In conclusion, by examining both artists and their artworks, we can see that they are form the same mime period, but hold two opposite views to art. The two artists’ distinct differences represent a central logical and visual opening in the history and development of modern art. While Picasso viewed modern art as a visual experiment, Decamp came to believe that art was about ideas and attitudes. Picasso artwork was a traditional artwork of that time whereas Marcella was more about shifting the views engagement of the works of art from pleasing to the eye to the service of the mind, challenging the traditional notion that beauty is a defining characteristic of art. According to Marcel, wings become art by putting them in places where one expects to find art. Where Picasso expresses his feelings through colors and lines, Marcel expresses it through words and phrases. Where Picasso makes his artwork, Marcel â€Å"buys† them and plays around with them. Picasso works are made on a canvas and the painting is the crucial part however, with Marcella artwork, only the placement and position of the artwork is crucial and defines it as a work of art. The Shovel is hung from a ceiling in a museum where The Weeping Woman is simply hung on the wall. In the end, both are known as artworks today and are admired. How to cite Pablo picasso and marcel duchamp, Papers

Decolonization of Algeria and Mozambique free essay sample

Decolonization of Algeria and Mozambique Essay Preparation Draft Today, Algeria and Mozambique are independent countries in Africa, but before that, since the early 1900’s and earlier, both countries were under colonial rule. Before Algeria and Mozambique gained their independence as a country, Algeria was under the French rule, while Mozambique was under Portuguese rule. However, eventually in 1962, Algeria gained its independence and in 1974 Mozambique gained its independence. In terms of the process of decolonization, Algeria and Mozambique went through a similar process, that was successful due to the failures of the colonial powers to satisfy and control their settler population socially, economically and politically, which resulted into successful organized rebellion actions. Referring back to the pre-call for independence, the Algerians and Mozambique settler population felt that they were being mistreated by their colonial power. In Algeria even since 1942, according to the West Chester University, the French were mistreating the Algerians by taking over â€Å"French-owned† farms and forcing the Algerian ex workers to work for them. We will write a custom essay sample on Decolonization of Algeria and Mozambique or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the end of WW2, the Vichy French government increased taxes, specifically for the Algerians and implemented â€Å"racial policies†, that favored the French. Similarly, Mozambique’s were discriminated, as the Portuguese deprived with lack of education, lack of political justification and very â€Å"cheap wages†. Despite both Algeria and Mozambique being treated unfairly socially, economically and politically, on May 8, 1945, the Algerians celebrated the end of WW2, by marching in Setif, but the Algerians raised â€Å"the green and white flag† of Abd al Kader’s 1840 uprising, which angered the French, causing violence and resulting in 45,000 deaths. Being unfairly treated, the Algerians and Mozambique’s called for independence. Algeria and Mozambique’s call and war for independence were a result of creating large organized rebellion groups, however, each country’s political aim was different. As for Algeria, on October 1952, Ahmen Ben Bella an Algerian rebellious soldier formed the Revolutionary Committee of Unity and Action, which was later known as the National Liberation Front (FLN) on 1962. The FLN was responsible for the â€Å"political direction of the revolution. † The sole purpose of the FLN was to â€Å"acquire arms, supplies, and funds† for the commanders and gain independence. Similarly, on June 1962, the Mozambique formed the FRELIMO liberation movement, which was lead by Eduardo Mondlane. Unlike Algeria, FRELIMO was vastly supported by â€Å"communist† nations, primarily Soviet Union, East Germany and Cuba by receiving military aid, such as â€Å"shipments of 122mm artillery rockets in 1972. † Therefore, during the war for independence in Mozambique, was a cold war element, in which the communist nations saw Mozambique as an opening to advocate communism spread. Hence, Mozambique was disrupted by other nation’s political aims efforts of anti-imperialist, towards spreading communism. Through the war for independence, Algeria and Mozambique would eventually gained independence. At the end, Algeria and Mozambique gained independence, however each country’s colonial efforts of letting go, was different. Speaking of Algeria, the war for independence lasted from 1953 to 1962, about 9 years. On the other hand, Mozambique lasted from 1962 to 1974, about 12 years. Algeria gained independence, as the FLN was too powerful and resulted in â€Å"hundreds of thousands of deaths. † It was reported that, â€Å"kidnapping was a common place† as there were murders of captured French and Muslims, regardless of age and sex. Portugal at the same time tired to hold on with military efforts, as troop numbers rose to 24,000 and more. Differently, Portugal from the 1960’s to 1970’s attempted to counter the FRELIMO with the use of government propaganda by creating â€Å"roads, railways, bridges, dams, irrigation systems, schools, hospitals. † However in the end, on July 1962 Algeria gained independence, with 350,000 colons leaving the country and 1. 4 million more the next year and counting. Meanwhile, on June 1975, Portuguese handed over the power to the FRELIMO. In conclusion, Algeria and Mozambique were both very similar to the process of decolonization, as both countries’ settler population was unsatisfied by the treatment that they’re colonial power, socially, economically and politically. Reflecting back, the most common similarity that both countries had was the creation of large rebellion groups to overpower the colonial power, which were both successful, despite the violence. Therefore, the overarching reason why both countries lost their colonial power was because of their actions.